CPT 75984Radiology

Xray control catheter change

CPT 75984 covers X-ray imaging used to guide and monitor the exchange of a catheter (thin tube) already placed in the body. This ensures the new catheter is positioned correctly without additional invasive procedures.

Showing rates for

National Average

Base Medicare rate

$91.54

This calculator gives a typical-case estimate using standard Medicare modifier rules. Actual payment depends on payer policies, documentation, code-specific CMS status indicators, and locality. Verify before billing.

RVU breakdown

Work RVU

0.83

PE RVU (NF)

1.94

MP RVU

0.06

Total RVU

2.83

Conversion factor: 32.3465 · Source: CMS MPFS RVU25A · Confidence: High

NCCI bundling edits

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Billing tips

Bill 75984 only when fluoroscopic guidance is actually used and documented; do not bill if catheter exchange is performed by palpation or without imaging
Impact: Prevents $91.54 in overpayment recoupment and potential fraud allegations during audits
Ensure separate documentation of the S&I component distinct from the catheter exchange procedure code; radiologist must document image interpretation, not just procedure performance
Impact: Medicare requires distinct documentation for S&I codes; missing documentation results in 100% denial ($91.54 loss)
Verify whether the catheter exchange code (e.g., 36578, 47535, 50398) includes fluoroscopic guidance before billing 75984 separately
Impact: Many exchange codes bundle imaging; inappropriate unbundling triggers NCCI edits and automatic denial of $91.54
Document medical necessity for fluoroscopic guidance, particularly for routine exchanges that might be performed without imaging
Impact: Medical necessity denials are the most common reason for 75984 rejections; proper documentation prevents $91.54 writeoffs
Bill in the facility setting when performed in hospital or ASC; both facility and non-facility rates are identical at $91.54 for 75984
Impact: Unlike many codes, 75984 has no practice expense differential, simplifying site-of-service billing
Include permanent images in the medical record; Medicare requires hard-copy or PACS-stored images for all fluoroscopic S&I codes
Impact: Missing permanent images are a common audit trigger resulting in full recoupment of $91.54 per case

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Frequently asked questions

What is the Medicare reimbursement rate for CPT code 75984 in 2025?

The 2025 Medicare national average reimbursement for CPT 75984 is $91.54 for both facility and non-facility settings. This rate is based on 2.83 total RVUs multiplied by the 2025 conversion factor of 32.3465.

Can CPT 75984 be billed separately from the catheter exchange procedure code?

It depends on the specific catheter exchange code. Some exchange procedures include radiological supervision in their descriptor and should not be billed with 75984. Always check NCCI edits and code descriptors. Codes like 36578 (replacement of PICC) typically bundle imaging, while other exchange codes may allow separate billing of 75984.

What documentation is required to bill CPT 75984?

Required documentation includes a separate signed radiologist interpretation report describing the fluoroscopic guidance, medical necessity for imaging, confirmation of catheter position, and permanent images stored in PACS or hard copy. The documentation must be distinct from the procedural note for the catheter exchange itself.

How many RVUs is CPT code 75984 worth?

CPT 75984 has 2.83 total RVUs for 2025, consisting of 0.83 work RVUs, 1.94 practice expense RVUs (both facility and non-facility), and 0.06 malpractice RVUs.

Who can bill CPT code 75984?

CPT 75984 should be billed by the radiologist who provides supervision and interpretation of the fluoroscopic guidance during catheter exchange. The code requires a physician interpretation and cannot be billed solely for technologist work. It is most commonly billed by interventional radiologists and diagnostic radiologists.

What is the difference between CPT 75984 and other fluoroscopy guidance codes?

CPT 75984 specifically covers fluoroscopic guidance for catheter change or exchange procedures. It differs from 77001 (fluoroscopic guidance for central venous access), 77002 (fluoroscopic guidance for needle placement), and other S&I codes that apply to initial catheter placement or different procedure types.

Is modifier 26 or TC used with CPT 75984?

While modifiers 26 (professional component) and TC (technical component) can technically be appended to 75984, they rarely change reimbursement since both facility and non-facility rates are identical at $91.54. The code represents supervision and interpretation work that typically occurs as a complete service in the facility setting.